Detroit Dermatology and Vein Center - Vascular

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In healthy veins, one-way valves direct blood flow upward from the legs toward the heart. When these valves weaken or fail, blood flows backward and begins to pool within the veins. This increased pressure causes veins to stretch and enlarge, leading to conditions such as spider veins and varicose veins. Spider veins appear as small, visible red or purple lines near the surface of the skin, while varicose veins are larger, twisted, and may bulge above the skin. Over time, this pressure can contribute to discomfort, swelling, and skin changes.

Venous disease often develops gradually, though symptoms can worsen more quickly in some individuals. Risk factors include genetics, pregnancy, prior leg injury, and a history of blood clots. Occupations that involve prolonged sitting or standing can also contribute to poor circulation. Evaluation typically includes a physical exam and ultrasound imaging to assess blood flow and valve function, helping determine the extent of the condition and guide treatment.

Treatment options are based on severity and symptoms. Conservative measures such as compression stockings and lifestyle changes may help manage early stages. For more visible or symptomatic veins, procedures like sclerotherapy and laser or laser-assisted treatments are used to close affected veins, allowing blood to reroute through healthier vessels. Treating venous disease can improve both symptoms and appearance while helping prevent progression and complications.

Common symptoms include:

• Pain, aching, or a heavy sensation in the legs, often relieved by elevation
• Tiredness or discomfort with prolonged standing or sitting
• Visible spider veins or enlarged, bulging varicose veins
• Swelling in the ankles, lower legs, or feet
• Skin discoloration, dryness, or itching near the lower leg or ankle
• Thickened or hardened skin in more advanced cases
• Irritation, rash, or ulceration near the ankle in severe disease